American/Brazilian Slaver "Kentucky" (ship)
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<p>In 1844, the slave ship <em>Kentucky,</em> which had been sold by Americans to Brazilians, sailed to Inhambane and Quelimane, Mozambique, Africa, under the American flag. The crew was made up of both Americans and Brazilians. Inhambane and Quelimane, located on the southeast coast of Africa, were off limits to the slave ship by treaty. But the treaty was ignored; the slave trade had taken place in these ports for centuries. <br /><br />Quelimane was one of the oldest settlements in the area, founded by the Portuguese as a trading station in 1544; it was a slave market during the 18th and 19th centuries [source: <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Quelimane" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Encyclopaedia Britannica online</a> ]. <br /><br />Inhambane was much older, having existed in the 10th century. It was the southern port used for slave trade by the Arabs. Portugal claimed the bay in 1498, and it became a trading post in 1534 [source: <em>A History of Mozambique</em>, by Malyn Newitt; and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhambane_Province" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Inhambane Province at Wikipedia</a>]. <br /><br />The slave ship <em>Kentucky </em>arrived in 1844. Once the cargo of 530 adult Africans was shackled aboard the <em>Kentucky</em>, the Americans turned the ship over to the Brazilians, and all or some of the American crew returned to Brazil on another ship. The next day, the African captives attempted an unsuccessful revolt. Those thought to be guilty of participating in the revolt were tried by the ship captain, and 46 African men and one woman were hanged, then shot in the chest and thrown overboard. In addition, 20 men and six women were severely flogged. <br /><br />When the ship reached Brazil, the entire incident was recounted and recorded at the U.S. Consul in Rio de Janeiro and forwarded to the U.S. Congress [<a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300001066">House Ex. Doc. 61</a> & <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300001067">Senate Ex. Doc. 28</a>, both in the 30th Congress]. <br /><br />In 1845, Consul Henry A. Wise of Virginia appealed to President James K. Polk to take a stand against pirate slave ships sailing under the American flag as license for the types of barbarity exhibited on the <em>Kentucky</em> and the slave trade in general. No stand was taken. The ship <em>Kentucky</em> continued to be used in the slave trade, and it was eventually found by a British armed vessel, tucked away on the Angozha [Angoche] River in Mozambique. With no way to escape by sea, the crew of the <em>Kentucky</em> set the ship on fire and escaped by land. It is not known if the ship had African captives aboard. <br /><br />For more see <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=saUBAAAAMAAJ&dq=The+American+Slave+Trade:+an+account+of+its+origin,+growth+and+suppression&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0">The American Slave Trade: an account of its origin, growth and suppression</a></em>, by J. R. Spears (published in 1900); and <em><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-RQldSUrTJAC&dq=An+Exposition+of+the+African+Slave+Trade:+from+the+year+1840,+to+1850+inclusive">An Exposition of the African Slave Trade: from the year 1840, to 1850 inclusive</a></em>, by U.S. Department of State, Representative Meeting (1851) [both titles available full text via Google Books].</p>
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Born in Africa, Born in Kentucky
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<p>Submitted by Reinette F. Jones, 9/26/2016<br /><br />This entry has been completed in response to the reference question, "Where did the slaves in Kentucky come from?" The short answer is Africa, though this does not explore the specific countries and/or regions of Africa where enslaved people had lived. A search at that level will require a review of slave ship records that can be matched with archival records of slave holders and the paper trail that reveals the lives of individual enslaved people who were sold and resold, all added in with a good deal of luck and chance. There are no holdings or collections of records in the University of Kentucky Special Collections Research Center that will give the origins of all Black persons who were held in enslavement in Kentucky. Below is one method of following the trail of the enslaved in and from Kentucky based on information from the former enslaved's perspectives. <br /><br />In 1850, there were a few free Black persons in Kentucky who were noted in the U.S. Census as born in Africa. They may have been formerly enslaved in the U.S., but they had not forgotten that they came from Africa. The same can be said of the thousands of others who were enslaved in 1850; they too knew of their origins even though the enslaved were not listed by name in the census nor were their birth locations noted. <br /><br /><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/1717" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Daniel Clarke</a> (1795-1872) is one such person who was born in Africa and enslaved in Kentucky who remembered that he was born in Africa near a coast, even though Kentucky is given as his birth location in the 1870 U.S. Census. Passing on the knowledge of one's origins to the next generation would have been an oral form of record keeping that was left in the hands of the first generation of Africans born in the United States. <br /><br />After enslavement ended, there was an opportunity for the information to be noted on a much larger scale in the census records. But in reality, there were only about 2,200 Blacks and Mulattoes who had Africa noted as their birth location in the 1870 U.S. Census, a very small number given that there were over 4,800,000 Blacks and Mulattoes counted in the 1870 U.S. Census. The numbers represent the descendants of African-born persons who survived the passage to a new land where they were enslaved and their descendants continued to be enslaved for more than two and a half centuries [source: <a href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database</a>]. <br /><br />To have Africa noted as a birth location in the census meant that the information was important to somebody, whether that somebody was the individual being enumerated or the census taker who made the note. It should also be taken into consideration that not everyone in the United States who was Black and born in Africa came to the United States in enslavement. Within each census, there was a small group of Black persons from African countries who arrived in the U.S. as free persons; however, the census records can be quite difficult to decipher concerning who arrived as a free person and who received their freedom from enslavement. <br /><br />The 1870 U.S. Census was the first attempt to gain data on foreign born parents - "a real boon in identifying immigrant ancestors" [source: "<a href="https://wiki.rootsweb.com//wiki/index.php?title=1870_U.S._Census&_ga=2.61734444.1030030497.1680285340-223993125.1680285340" target="_blank" rel="noopener">1870 Census</a>" an Ancestry.com website]. The heading of column 10 in the 1870 U.S. Census sheet was labeled "Place of Birth, Naming State or Territory of U.S.; or the Country, if of foreign birth." The headings of columns 11 and 12 on the U.S. Census sheet read "Parentage: Father of Foreign Birth / Mother of Foreign Birth." According to the <a href="https://www.census.gov/history/pdf/1870instructions-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>1870 Instructions to Assistant Marshals</em></a>, "If of Foreign birth, the Country will be named as specifically as possible. ... The inquiries in columns numbered 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, and 20, are of such a nature that these columns only require to be filled when the answer to the inquiry is "Yes."" <br /><br />Though the answer would have been "Yes" for many African Americans, the term "foreign born parents" and "immigrant ancestors" did not apply to the formerly enslaved born in Africa or the African-born parents of the formerly enslaved. These people were not considered immigrants because they had come to the United States as property, a status that was upgraded to each being a person with U.S. citizenship in 1868 with the Ratification of the <a href="https://guides.loc.gov/14th-amendment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution</a> [Library of Congress website]. <br /><br />The 1870 census instruction manual said nothing about African Americans being citizens or not being citizens. What is found most often in terms of "Parentage" of African Americans on the 1870 census sheets is nothing: the columns are blank, as is the case of Daniel Clarke, mentioned earlier. In his case and others, the column for birth location lists a state in the U.S. <br /><br />In the search of Kentucky-born Black or Mulatto persons with African-born parents, there were no names found in the 1870 Census, but at least seven persons were noted as born in Africa and living in Kentucky. The numbers would increase when the 1880 Census was completed (see table below). Those enumerated were old, with estimated birth years as early as the mid to late 1700s. Perhaps it was an end of life decision that made them want Africa noted in the census record, which was a government document that would show that their parents were born outside the U.S. Or perhaps it was the decision of the individual census taker who noted the birth location. The <a href="https://www.census.gov/history/www/through_the_decades/census_instructions/1890_instructions.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Instructions to Enumerators</a> for 1880 is not available on the U.S. Census Bureau website, but it was for this particular census that the enumerators were selectively hired and were better trained than the U.S. marshals who had been hired in the past to collect the census data [source: "<a href="https://www.census.gov/history/www/through_the_decades/census_instructions/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Census Instructions</a>," a U.S. Census Bureau website]. <br /><br />Sometimes the census taker wrote the word "Africa" or the abbreviation "Afr." For those born in Kentucky, records for African Americans whose parents were born in Africa were first found within the 1880 census. This is a plus for researchers because, though the parent birth location data was originally requested to help the U.S. government to classify and track immigrants in the United States, the data are also useful to African American families in determining the arrival of their ancestors in the United States. The data may also be used to track persons brought from Africa and enslaved in the U.S. and who were at some point in Kentucky. <br /><br />The notation of Africa as a birth location in the census records is just as valid and as accurate or inaccurate as the noted birth location of all others born outside the United States. Another source for locating birth locations is early Kentucky death certificates. In the table below are some of the names, birth years, and other information about Black persons said to be born in Africa and living in Kentucky as well as those who were Kentucky natives with parents who were born in Africa. There are also names of persons who were residing in Kentucky but were born in other states. Included are only the names of those who were born prior to the Ratification of the <a href="https://guides.loc.gov/13th-amendment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution</a> [Library of Congress website]. The table covers the 30-year time period from 1850-1880.<br /><br />For more information on the psychology of enslavement, see <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300003522" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Slavery and Social Death</em></a>, by Orlando Patterson; <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300003460" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cultural Trauma</a></em>, by Ron Eyerman; <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300003517" target="_blank" rel="noopener">How America's First Settlers Invented Chattel Slavery</a></em>, by David K. O'Rourke; and <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300003523" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Roots Matter</a></em>, by Paula Owens Parker.<br /><br /><br /></p>
<table style="width: 821px; height: 2899px;" border="0" rules="all">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>NAME</strong></td>
<td><strong>BIRTH (Est)<br /></strong></td>
<td><strong>CENSUS</strong></td>
<td><strong>LIVED IN</strong></td>
<td><strong>MOHER'S BIRTH</strong></td>
<td><strong>FATHER'S BIRTH</strong></td>
<td><strong>NOTES</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cunningham, Sambo</td>
<td>1780 Africa</td>
<td>1850</td>
<td>Lincoln County, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hopton, Chloe</td>
<td>1760 Africa</td>
<td>1850</td>
<td>Logan County, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Limely, Thomas</td>
<td>1740 Africa</td>
<td>1850</td>
<td>Louisville, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Johnson, Dinah</td>
<td>1780 Africa</td>
<td>1860</td>
<td>Sharpsburg, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bowman, Matilda</td>
<td>1800 Guinea</td>
<td>1870</td>
<td>Bardstown, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Massay, Jack</td>
<td>1820 Africa</td>
<td>1870</td>
<td>Patter, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Miller, Lucy</td>
<td>1832 Africa</td>
<td>1870</td>
<td>Louisville, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parker, George</td>
<td>1771 Africa</td>
<td>1870</td>
<td>Flat Rock, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Posey, Lucy</td>
<td>1843 Africa</td>
<td>1870</td>
<td>Louisville, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rowland, Alexander</td>
<td>1765 Africa</td>
<td>1870</td>
<td>Bowling Green, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Williams, Margaret</td>
<td>1785 Guinea</td>
<td>1870</td>
<td>Elk Springs, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Adams, Wash</td>
<td>1824 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Springfield, MO</td>
<td>Guinea, Africa</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Allen, Sam</td>
<td>1826 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Owingsville, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Andrew, Lavenia</td>
<td>1780 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>New Orleans, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Armstrong, Claura</td>
<td>1814 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Claiborne, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Armstrong, Jarret</td>
<td>1796 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>St. Mary, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Austin, Amanda</td>
<td>1837 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Taylorville, IL</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Baptiste, John</td>
<td>1800 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>St. Bernard, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bell, Jack H.</td>
<td>1847 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Fayette County, TX</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Berry, Wash</td>
<td>1821 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lake Charles, LA</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Blain, Almedia</td>
<td>1822 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Fayette County, TX</td>
<td> </td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Blankenship, George</td>
<td>1850 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Petersburg, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Blue, Daniel</td>
<td>1811 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Sacramento, CA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Board, Pascal</td>
<td>1823 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Plaquemines, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>England</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Boyd, Elvira</td>
<td>1846 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Harrison, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Asia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Brian, John</td>
<td>1813 Africa</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Mayfield, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Brino, John</td>
<td>1861 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Mayfield, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Brown, Mariah</td>
<td>1817 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Moberly, MO</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Brown, Thomas J.</td>
<td>1830 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Grand Rapids, MI</td>
<td>Indiana</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Burdette, Samuel</td>
<td>1849 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Ft. Bayard, NM</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>England</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Burton, Thomas</td>
<td>1849 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Williams, IL</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bush, Jack</td>
<td>1823 Africa</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Jeffersonville, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Calamege, Hannah</td>
<td>1823 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Louisville, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Georgia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Caldwell, James</td>
<td>1843 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bainbridge, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Caldwell, Susan</td>
<td>1795 Africa</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bainbridge, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Campbell, Bryant</td>
<td>1812 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lexington, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Carpenter, Lewis</td>
<td>1818 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Grenada County, MS</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Carr, Charles</td>
<td>1809 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>New Orleans, LA</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Carrington, Pauline</td>
<td>1828 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Howards Mills, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Carter, Tilda</td>
<td>1812 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Henryville, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Chevis, Ed</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Millersburg, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Clark, Eliza</td>
<td>1809 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Loretto, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Clay, Steward</td>
<td>1797 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Smiths Mill, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cole, James</td>
<td>1818 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Dallas, TX</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Brother of Nancy Cole</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cole, McIntire</td>
<td>1855 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cole, Nancy</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Dallas, TX</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Sister of James Cole</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Collier, Louisa</td>
<td>1808 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bethesda, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cooper, Ann</td>
<td>1822 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Carroll County, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cooper, Lucy</td>
<td>1822 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Parson, KS</td>
<td>Georgia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cotton, Sam</td>
<td>1815 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Noxubee County, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Craig, James T.</td>
<td>1825 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Detroit, MI</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Crutchfield, Ann</td>
<td>1830 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Berlin, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Dudley, Samuel</td>
<td>1812 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Tanyard, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Edwards, Miles</td>
<td>1797 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Eliam, GA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Edwards, Peter</td>
<td>1854 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Eelam, Ned</td>
<td>1819 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Boon, IN</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>English, Charlotte</td>
<td>1813 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Tensas County, LA</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Evans, Charlotte</td>
<td>1790 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Head Quarters, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fairchild, Drucilla</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Cayuga, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Farmer, Daniel</td>
<td>1813 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Soldier, KS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fields, Ely</td>
<td>1835 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Trenton, WI</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Flood, Sylvia</td>
<td>1805 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Louisville, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fortune, Frank</td>
<td>1840 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Vienna, IL</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fox, Daunell</td>
<td>1810 Africa</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Columbia, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Freeman, David</td>
<td>1839 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Waltham, MA</td>
<td>W. I. Island</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Fulton, Robert</td>
<td>1819 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Coffee County, GA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gaines, T. D.</td>
<td>1836 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Clinton, IA</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gammage, Mary</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Harrison County, TX</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gash, Matilda</td>
<td>1808 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Galesburg, IL</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gibson, Alfred</td>
<td>1834 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Wichita, KS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gilbert, Jack</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Brush Creek, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gilmore, Jim</td>
<td>1805 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bois D'Arc, AR</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Goodun, Howard</td>
<td>1851 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Silver City, NM</td>
<td> </td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Graham, Gorley</td>
<td>1815 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Shelby City, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Groves, David</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Harris County, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hale, Peter</td>
<td>1821 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Mayfield, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Haines, America</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Carbondale, IL</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Harris, Henry</td>
<td>1845 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Aztalan, WI</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Henry, Laura</td>
<td>1858 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Chicago, IL</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Howard, Ellen</td>
<td>1840 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Indianapolis, IN</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hutchinson, Jane</td>
<td>1842 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Cincinnati, OH</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ivey, Nancy</td>
<td>1815 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Amite County, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jackson, Waly</td>
<td>1840 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Tuscaloosa County, AL</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jamison, Curtis</td>
<td>1824 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>LaGrange, AR</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Johnson, Harvey</td>
<td>1817 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Liberty Grove, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Johnson, Milly</td>
<td>1770 Africa</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Woods, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Johnson, Robert</td>
<td>1852 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Frankfort, IN</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jones, Ruth</td>
<td>1805 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Kagan, Lucy</td>
<td>1850 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Hebbardsville, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Killabre, Samuel</td>
<td>1833 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Newport, IL</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Klinglesmith, M. C.</td>
<td>1810 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Meeting Creek, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lane, Albert</td>
<td>1821 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Beech Ridge, IL</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Letcher, John</td>
<td>1850 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Livingston County, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Lively, Emily</td>
<td>1848 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Waterloo, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M, Jack</td>
<td>1850 Africa</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Goshen, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>McAlpine, B.</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Claiborne, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>McCaine, Abner</td>
<td>1850 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bethesda, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>McCarty, Judy</td>
<td>1847 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bainbridge, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>McClanahan, Jerry</td>
<td>1805 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Berlin, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>McKenny, Robbin</td>
<td>1808 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Eagle, MO</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Magraff, John W.</td>
<td>1836 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Baton Rouge, LA</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Martin, Mira</td>
<td>1802 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Hiseville, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Martin, Joseph</td>
<td>1823 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lexington, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Massey, John</td>
<td>1862 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Rich Pond, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Miller, Cato</td>
<td>1812 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Sinking, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Modrell, Ned</td>
<td>1810 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Pulaski County, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moore, Isham</td>
<td>1852 Guinea</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Russellville, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Morgan, A.</td>
<td>1804 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Cedar Mountain, VA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Morrow, Mariah</td>
<td>1825 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Eddyvlle, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Murray, Rachael</td>
<td>1801 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Cahaba, AL</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Muse, Martin</td>
<td>1813 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Ovid, MI</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Neal, Delia</td>
<td>1853 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>DeSoto County, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Newton, George</td>
<td>1846 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Aztalan, WI</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>North, Nelson</td>
<td>1824 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Hardyville, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parker, Mary</td>
<td>1835 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>New Orleans, LA</td>
<td>Norway</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Parks, Melinda</td>
<td>1800 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Foxtown, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Perry, Peter</td>
<td>1822 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Jefferson County, AL</td>
<td>Maryland</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Potts, Robert</td>
<td>1805 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lee, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Potts, Charlotte</td>
<td>1830 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Carlisle, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Proctor, Abe</td>
<td>1810 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Macon City, MO</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Profit, W. Mose</td>
<td>1800 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>DeSoto County, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ransom, Stewart</td>
<td>1818 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Pryorsburg and Rozells, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rapier, Jane</td>
<td>1824 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Uniontown, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Tennessee</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Reid, Boston</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Beat, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Reynolds, Barbara A.</td>
<td>1830 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Muhlenberg County, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rice, Eliza</td>
<td>1856 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Greene, OH</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Liberia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Roberts, Squire</td>
<td>1817 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Prairie Point, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Robinson, Tempy</td>
<td>1790 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Jacksonport, AR</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rogers, George</td>
<td>1838 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Amite City, LA</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Rue, Frank</td>
<td>1799 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Ottumwa, IA</td>
<td>New Jersey</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sampson, Isaiah</td>
<td>1840 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lexington, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Scott, Henry</td>
<td>1857 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Elmira, NY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Scrivener, Dicy</td>
<td>1818 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Glasgow Junction, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sharp, Tecumseh</td>
<td>1840 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bismarck, Dakota Territory</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shiver, Harriet</td>
<td>1850 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Brush, KY</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Simons, Isaac</td>
<td>1835 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Monroe, LA</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Liberia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Smith, Lana</td>
<td>1800 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>St. Louis, MO</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Smith, Charles S.</td>
<td>1844 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Tunica County, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Mexico</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Snow, Heneretta</td>
<td>1851 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Chicago, IL</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Spears, Sibhi</td>
<td>1848 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Covington, KY</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Stout, Julia</td>
<td>1836 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Dallas County, TX</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Strawder, H.</td>
<td>1818 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Grimes County, TX</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Swannigan, Charles</td>
<td>1831 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Greenville, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tyler, David</td>
<td>1827 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Corning, IA</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Thurston, Jessie</td>
<td>1822 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Roane, AR</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Thurston, Nianna</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Roane, AR</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tolls, Mollie</td>
<td>1847 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Cincinnati, OH</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Townsend, Joseph</td>
<td>1795 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Keysburg, KY</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Townsend, Jackson</td>
<td>1824 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Ottawa, KS</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Turner, Hannah</td>
<td>1832 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Cambridge, OH</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tyson, Selina</td>
<td>1817 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lafayette County, MS</td>
<td>South Carolina</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Upton, James</td>
<td>1828 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Union, IN</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Maryland</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vaughn, Amy</td>
<td>1790 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Marshall, MO</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Vorters, Mahala</td>
<td>1813 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lafayette County, MS</td>
<td>South Carolina</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Waddington, Isaac</td>
<td>1830 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Lafayette County, MS</td>
<td> </td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Wadlington, Henry</td>
<td>1829 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Forrest Hill, MS</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td>Kentucky</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Washington, Nancy</td>
<td>1820 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Austin, TX</td>
<td> </td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Washington, Sarah</td>
<td>1830 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Bearhouse, AR</td>
<td>Virginia</td>
<td>Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hillgryless, G. Wade</td>
<td>1818 KY</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Alfred Center, NY</td>
<td>Omaha</td>
<td>South Africa</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Weir, John</td>
<td>1817 Africa</td>
<td>1880</td>
<td>Muhlenberg County, KY</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Wilkinson, Betsey</td>
<td valign="top">1810 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Frankfort, KY</td>
<td valign="top">New Jersey</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Williams, Belle</td>
<td valign="top">1850 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Cincinnati, OH</td>
<td valign="top">Kentucky</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Williams, Esther</td>
<td valign="top">1806 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Cuiver, MO</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top">Virginia</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Williams, Isaac</td>
<td valign="top">1831 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Morganfield, KY</td>
<td valign="top">Kentucky</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Williams, James</td>
<td valign="top">1814 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Vermilion County, LA</td>
<td valign="top">Virginia</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Williams, Lucy</td>
<td valign="top">1845 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Cincinnati, OH</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Willingham, Edy</td>
<td valign="top">1810 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Hebbardsville, KY</td>
<td valign="top">North Carolina</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Wilson, Moses</td>
<td valign="top">1852 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Wood County, TX</td>
<td valign="top">Virginia</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Wood, Louis</td>
<td valign="top">1855 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Bayou Washa, LA</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Wright, Edward</td>
<td valign="top">1812 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1800</td>
<td valign="top">Macomb, IL</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top">Kentucky</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Wyatt, Mary</td>
<td valign="top">1835 KY</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Kaufman County, TX</td>
<td valign="top">Virginia</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"><strong>BORN </strong></td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Bell, Milly</td>
<td valign="top">1785 VA</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Louisville, KY</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Champion, Gracie</td>
<td valign="top">1785 NC</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Carrsville, KY</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Douglass, Millie</td>
<td valign="top">1791 VA</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Hardinsburg, KY</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Harris, Antony</td>
<td valign="top">1821 NC</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Louisville, KY</td>
<td valign="top">North Carolina</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">King, Solvin Bob</td>
<td valign="top">1819 VA</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Princeton, KY</td>
<td valign="top">Virginia</td>
<td valign="top">Africa</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Leavell, Peter</td>
<td valign="top">1800 VA</td>
<td valign="top">1880</td>
<td valign="top">Brandy Springs, KY</td>
<td valign="top">Liberia</td>
<td valign="top">Virginia</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"><strong>KY DEATH RECORDS</strong></td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Basey, William</td>
<td valign="top">1780 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">3/26/1870</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Brooks, Sollie</td>
<td valign="top">1813 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">12/18/1873</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Carter, Lina</td>
<td valign="top">1798 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">8/27/1878</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Chief Cohonda</td>
<td valign="top">1864 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">7/10/1929<br />File #19395<br />Registrared #2959</td>
<td valign="top">Louisville, KY</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top">Immigrated to U.S. in 1892<br />[source: 1900 U.S. Census]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Courtney, Edmond</td>
<td valign="top">1790 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">2/3/1874</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County, KY</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Davis, Mindy</td>
<td valign="top">1793 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">10/3/1878</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County, KY</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Eberle, Samuel</td>
<td valign="top">1816 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">11/5/1879</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County, KY</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><span class="srchHit">Gascokoolovoma</span>, Prince K.</td>
<td valign="top">1862 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">10/13/1908<br />Covington Death Certificate<br />#3785</td>
<td valign="top">Covington, KY</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Smith, George</td>
<td valign="top">1823 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">6/29/1873</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County, KY</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">Tandy, Lowery</td>
<td valign="top">1818 Africa</td>
<td valign="top">3/8/1880</td>
<td valign="top">Jefferson County, KY</td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
<td valign="top"> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<a href="/nkaa/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Kentucky">Kentucky</a>
Clarke, Daniel
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<p>Daniel Clarke was born in Africa; according to the 1870 U.S. Census, he was born around 1795. As a child, he was captured by slave traders and brought to the U.S., first to Clark County, KY, then Frankfort, KY to be as a servant to U.S. Congressman and later Kentucky Governor James Clarke. <br /><br />At the end of Gov. Clarke's term (1836-1839), Daniel Clarke continued as a servant to all of the following Kentucky governors until his death in 1872. At some point prior to his death, the Kentucky Legislature passed a law giving Daniel Clarke a pension of $12 per month. <br /><br />A joint resolution was introduced by Senator Webb in honor of Daniel Clarke's years of dedicated service to Kentucky governors. <br /><br />For more see "Death of the Kentucky Governor's Servant," <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/30000660">New York Times</a></em>, 2/29/1872, p. 5. He is also thought to be the same <a href="http://sites.rootsweb.com/~kyfrankl/DClarkwill.htm">Daniel Clarke</a> whose will is listed at rootsweb.com.</p>
Clotel, or, The President's daughter : a narrative of slave life in the United States
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From slavery to freedom: a history of African Americans 8th ed.
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Narrative and writings of Andrew Jackson, of Kentucky; containing an account of his birth… Narrated by himself; Written by a friend.
<a href="/nkaa/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Slave+Trade+%28U.S.%29">Slave Trade (U.S.)</a>
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Narrative of the life and adventures of Henry Bibb, an American slave
<a href="/nkaa/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Slave+Trade+%28U.S.%29">Slave Trade (U.S.)</a>
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Slave Jail (Woodford County, KY)
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<p>A 1938 Lexington, KY, newspaper article mentions an old slave jail once owned by a slave-trader named Offutt in Woodford County, KY. The property where the jail was located, on a farm near the Versailles-Midway highway, was later owned by Sheriff William B. Cogar. The building had been two stories high and had barred windows. Sheriff Cogar removed the top half of the building as well as the bars. <br /><br />For more see "Ancient slave jail stands near Midway," <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300001613">Lexington Leader</a></em>, 6/30/1938, section 3, p. 14.</p>
Slave Record Book
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<p>The book, found in the basement of the Adams County Courthouse in Mississippi, lists the vital statistics of slaves brought from Kentucky to Mississippi just prior to the Civil War. Recorded are the sale of slaves between 1858-1861. <br /><br />Microfilm copies of the book are available at the <a href="https://www.mdah.ms.gov/research">Department of Archives and History</a> and at the <a href="https://www.adamscountyms.net/chancery-clerk">Adams County Chancery Clerk's Office</a>*, both in Mississippi. <br /><br />For more about the finding of the book see K. Whipple, "Rare slave records found in Natchez - An AP Mississippi member feature," <em><a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300001013">The Associated Press State & Local Wire</a></em>, 8/29/1999.</p>
<p>*Adams County Vital Records / Adams County Chancery Clerk / 115 S. Wall Street / Natchez, MS 39120</p>
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Slave Trade Between Kentucky and Southern States
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<p>Lexington was initially the slave trade center for Kentucky in the 1800s because of several factors, including the demand for slaves in southern states, the large number of slaves in Kentucky, the decreasing profits of slavery, the Kentucky anti-importation law of 1833, and attacks by abolitionists against the African slave trade and slavery in general. <br /><br />As the economic demands for more slaves increased in southern states, the Kentucky and Virginia slave markets responded to the demand in the cotton belt, economically benefiting both states. In 1840, Robert Wickliffe, the largest slave owner in Fayette County, KY, boasted to the Kentucky Legislature that as many as 6,000 slaves per year were being sold to southern states from Kentucky, though the actual number was not known because there were no definitive accounting records for all sales. <br /><br />Prior to the late 1840s, the sale of slaves was a personal business transaction not tracked or announced to the public other than through public auctions, as was the case with the sale of livestock. <br /><br />In 1843, two of the more prominent slave trade firms in Kentucky were Downing and Hughes and the much larger firm of Griffin and Pullum, both located in Lexington. In 1849, the Kentucky anti-importation law of 1833 was repealed, allowing slaves from other states to be brought into Kentucky and sold. That same year, the Kentucky Legislature adopted a resolution denouncing abolition. <br /><br />Around 1849 two other major changes took place. First, Kentucky newspapers garnered a greater share of the slave trade economy and promoted the trade with an increased number of paid advertisements and handbills for the sale of slaves, for those looking to buy slaves, for the services of slave trade firms and brokers, and for the recapture of runaway and kidnapped slaves. Second, the slave trade in Louisville, KY became a major competitor to the trade in Lexington, and adjoining towns were developing their own slave trade businesses. In 1859, when there were discussions of re-establishing the African slave trade, loud voices of opposition were heard from Kentucky and Virginia. <br /><br />For more see T. D. Clark, "The Slave trade between Kentucky and the Cotton Kingdom," <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/30000844"><em>The Mississippi Valley Historical Review</em></a>, vol. 21, issue 3 (Dec., 1934), pp. 331-342; and <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300001144"><em>Lexington's slave dealers and their Southern trade</em></a>, by J. W. Coleman, Jr.; <a href="https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/300003209" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Kentucky and slavery: the constitutional convention of 1792</em></a> (thesis) by M. Herrick; and "Slave Trading in Louisville" at <a href="https://explorekyhistory.ky.gov/items/show/276">ExploreKYHistory</a>.</p>